(a) ‘branch’ of a financial or credit institution means a place of business which forms a legally dependent part of a financial or credit institution and which carries out directly all or some of the transactions inherent in the business of financial or credit institutions;

(b) ‘brokering services’ means:

(i) the negotiation or arrangement of transactions for the purchase, sale or supply of goods and technology from a third country to any other third country, or

(ii) the selling or buying of goods and technology that are located in third countries for their transfer to another third country;

(c) ‘contract or transaction’ means any transaction of whatever form and whatever the applicable law, whether comprising one or more contracts or similar obligations made between the same or different parties; for this purpose ‘contract’ includes a bond, guarantee or indemnity, particularly a financial guarantee or financial indemnity, and credit, whether legally independent or not, as well as any related provision arising under, or in connection with, the transaction;

(d) ‘credit institution’ means a credit institution as defined in Article 4(1) of Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions, including its branches inside or outside the Union;

(e) ‘crude oil and petroleum products’ means the products listed in Annex IV;

(f) ‘economic resources’ means assets of every kind, whether tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, which are not funds, but which may be used to obtain funds, goods or services;

(g) ‘financial institution’ means:

(i) an undertaking, other than a credit institution, which carries out one or more of the operations included in points 2 to 12 and points 14 and 15 of Annex I to Directive 2006/48/EC, including the activities of currency exchange offices (bureaux de change);

(ii) an insurance company duly authorised in accordance with Directive 2002/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 November 2002 concerning life assurance , insofar as it carries out activities covered by that Directive;

(iii) an investment firm as defined in point 1 of Article 4(1) of Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instruments ;

(iv) a collective investment undertaking marketing its units or shares; or

(v) an insurance intermediary as defined in Article 2(5) of Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 December 2002 on insurance mediation , with the exception of intermediaries referred to in Article 2(7) of that Directive, when they act in respect of life insurance and other investment related services;

including its branches, whether inside or outside the Union;

(h) ‘freezing of economic resources’ means preventing their use to obtain funds, goods or services in any way, including, but not limited to, by selling, hiring or mortgaging them;

(i)‘freezing of funds’ means preventing any move, transfer, alteration, use of, access to, or dealing with funds in any way that would result in any change in their volume, amount, location, ownership, possession, character, destination or other change that would enable the funds to be used, including portfolio management;

(j) ‘funds’ means financial assets and benefits of every kind, including but not limited to:

(i) cash, cheques, claims on money, drafts, money orders and other payment instruments;

(ii) deposits with financial institutions or other entities, balances on accounts, debts and debt obligations;

(iii) publicly- and privately-traded securities and debt instruments, including stocks and shares, certificates representing securities, bonds, notes, warrants, debentures and derivatives contracts;

(iv) interest, dividends or other income on or value accruing from or generated by assets;

(v) credit, right of set-off, guarantees, performance bonds or other financial commitments;

(vi) letters of credit, bills of lading, bills of sale;

(vii) documents evidencing an interest in funds or financial resources;

(k) ‘goods’ includes items, materials and equipment;

(l) ‘insurance’ means an undertaking or commitment whereby one or more natural or legal persons are obliged, in return for payment, to provide one or more other persons, in the event of materialisation of a risk, with an indemnity or a benefit as determined by the undertaking or commitment;

(m) ‘reinsurance’ means the activity consisting in accepting risks ceded by an insurance undertaking or by another reinsurance undertaking or, in the case of the association of underwriters known as Lloyd's, the activity consisting in accepting risks, ceded by any member of Lloyd's, by an insurance or reinsurance undertaking other than the association of underwriters known as Lloyd's;

(n) ‘Syrian credit or financial institution’ means:

(i) any credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria, including the Central Bank of Syria;

(ii) any branch or subsidiary, where it falls within the scope of Article 35, of a credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria;

(iii) any branch or subsidiary, where it does not fall within the scope of Article 35, of a credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria;

(iv) any credit or financial institution that is not domiciled in Syria but is controlled by one or more persons or entities domiciled in Syria;

(o) ‘Syrian person, entity or body’ means:

(i) the State of Syria or any public authority thereof;

(ii) any natural person in, or resident in, Syria;

(iii) any legal person, entity or body having its registered office in Syria;

(iv) any legal person, entity or body, inside or outside Syria, owned or controlled directly or indirectly by one or more of the above-mentioned persons or bodies;

(p) ‘technical assistance’ means any technical support related to repairs, development, manufacture, assembly, testing, maintenance, or any other technical service, and may take forms such as instruction, advice, training, the transmission of working knowledge or skills or consulting services; including verbal forms of assistance;

(q) ‘territory of the Union’ means the territories of the Member States to which the Treaty is applicable, under the conditions laid down in the Treaty, including their airspace;

(r) ‘customs territory of the Union’ means the territory as defined in Article 3 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community Customs Code.

Chapter II - Export and import restrictions

Article 2

1. A Member State may prohibit or impose an authorisation requirement on the export, sale, supply or transfer of equipment which might be used for internal repression other than those listed in Annex IA or Annex IX, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria.

2. A Member State may prohibit or impose an authorisation requirement on the provision of technical assistance, financing and financial assistance related to the equipment referred to in paragraph 1, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria.

Article 2a

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, equipment, goods or technology which might be used for internal repression or for the manufacture and maintenance of products which might be used for internal repression, as listed in Annex IA, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(b) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a).

2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the competent authorities in the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may grant, under such terms and conditions as they deem appropriate, an authorisation for a transaction in relation to equipment, goods or technology as listed in Annex IA, provided that the equipment, goods or technology are intended for food, agricultural, medical or other humanitarian purposes, or for the benefit of United Nations personnel, personnel of the Union or its Member States.

3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1(a), the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may grant, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, an authorisation for sale, supply, transfer or export of equipment, goods or technology as listed in Annex IA undertaken in accordance with paragraph 10 of UN Security Council Resolution 2118(2013) and relevant decisions of the Executive Council of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), consistent with the objective of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (Chemical Weapons Convention) and after consultation with the OPCW.

Article 2b

1. A prior authorisation shall be required for the sale, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, of equipment, goods or technology which might be used for internal repression or for the manufacture and maintenance of products which might be used for internal repression, as listed in Annex IX, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria.

2. The competent authorities in the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, shall not grant any authorisation for any sale, supply, transfer or export of the equipment, goods or technology listed in Annex IX, if they have reasonable grounds to determine that the equipment, goods or technology the sale, supply, transfer or export of which is in question is or might be used for internal repression or for the manufacture and maintenance of products which might be used for internal repression.

3. The authorisation shall be granted by the competent authorities of the Member State where the exporter is established and shall be in accordance with the detailed rules laid down in Article 11 of Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 of 5 May 2009 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items ( ⁶ ). The authorisation shall be valid throughout the Union.

Article 2c

1. The rules governing the obligation to provide advance information as determined in the relevant provisions concerning summary declarations as well as customs declarations in Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 and in Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 ( ⁷ ) apply to all goods leaving the customs territory of the Union to Syria.

The person or entity who provides that information shall also present any authorisations if required by this Regulation.

2. The seizure and disposal of equipment, goods or technology, the supply, sale, transfer or export of which is prohibited by Article 2a of this Regulation may, in accordance with national legislation or the decision of a competent authority, be carried out at the expense of the person or entity referred to in paragraph 1 or, if it is not possible to recover these expenses from that person or entity, the expenses may, in accordance with national legislation, be recovered from any person or entity who assumes responsibility for the carriage of the goods or equipment in the attempted illicit supply, sale, transfer or export.

Article 2d

A Member State may prohibit or impose an authorisation requirement on the export to Syria of dual-use items referred to in Article 4(2) of Regulation (EC) No 428/2009.

Article 3

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to equipment, goods or technology which might be used for internal repression or for the manufacture and maintenance of products which could be used for internal repression as listed in Annex IA, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the goods and technology listed in Annex IA, including in particular grants, loans and export credit insurance, as well as insurance and reinsurance, for any sale, supply, transfer or export of such items, or for any provision of related technical assistance to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(c) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in points (a) and (b).

3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may grant, under such terms and conditions as they deem appropriate, an authorisation for technical assistance or brokering services, or financing or financial assistance related to equipment, goods or technology, as listed in Annex IA, provided that the equipment, goods or technology are intended for food, agricultural, medical or other humanitarian purposes, or for the benefit of United Nations personnel, personnel of the Union or its Member States.

The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission, within four weeks, of any authorisation granted under the first subparagraph.

4. Prior authorisation from the competent authority of the relevant Member State, as identified on the websites referred to in Annex III shall be required for the provision of:

(a) technical assistance or brokering services related to equipment, goods or technology listed in Annex IX and to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of such equipment, goods and technology, directly or indirectly to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(b) financing or financial assistance related to goods and technology referred to in Annex IX, including in particular grants, loans and export credit insurance, as well as insurance and reinsurance, for any sale, supply, transfer or export of such goods and technology, or for any provision of related technical assistance to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria.

The competent authorities shall not grant any authorisation for the transactions referred to inthe first subparagraph, if they have reasonable grounds to determine that those transactions are or may be intended to contribute to internal repression or for the manufacture and maintenance of products which might be used for internal repression.

5. By way of derogation from points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1, the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may grant, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, an authorisation for the provision of technical assistance, brokering services, financing or financial assistance related to equipment, goods or technology as listed in Annex IA where such technical assistance, brokering services, financing or financial assistance is provided for the sale, supply, transfer or export of such equipment, goods or technology undertaken in accordance with paragraph 10 of UN Security Council Resolution 2118(2013) and relevant decisions of the Executive Council of the OPCW, consistent with the objective of Chemical Weapons Convention and after consultation with the OPCW.

Article 3a

It shall be prohibited:

(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance relating to the goods and technology listed in the Common Military List, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and reinsurance and brokering services relating to insurance and reinsurance for any purchase, import or transport of such items if they originate in Syria, or are being exported from Syria to any other country;

(b) to participate, knowingly or intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a).

Article 3b

Article 3a shall not apply to the provision of financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and reinsurance and brokering services relating to insurance and reinsurance for any import or transport of goods and technology listed in the Common Military List if they originate in Syria, or are being exported from Syria to any other country, undertaken in accordance with paragraph 10 of UN Security Council Resolution 2118(2013) and relevant decisions of the Executive Council of the OPCW, consistent with the objective of the Chemical Weapons Convention.

Article 4

1. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, equipment, technology or software identified in Annex V, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria, unless the competent authority of the relevant Member State, as identified in the websites referred to in Annex III, has given prior authorisation.

2. The competent authorities of the Member States, as identified in the websites referred to in Annex III, shall not grant any authorisation under paragraph 1 if they have reasonable grounds to determine that the equipment, technology or software in question would be used for monitoring or interception, by the Syrian regime or on its behalf, of internet or telephone communications in Syria.

3. Annex V shall include equipment, technology or software which may be used for the monitoring or interception of internet or telephone communications.

4. The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article, within four weeks following the authorisation.

Article 5

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to the equipment, technology and software identified in Annex V, or related to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of the equipment and technology identified in Annex V or to the provision, installation, operation or updating of any software identified in Annex V, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the equipment, technology and software identified in Annex V, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria;

(c) to provide any telecommunication or internet monitoring or interception services of any kind to, or for the direct or indirect benefit of, the State of Syria, its Government, its public bodies, corporations and agencies or any person or entity acting on their behalf or at their direction; and

(d) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in any activity the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a), (b) or (c) above;

unless the competent authority of the relevant Member State, as identified in the websites referred to in Annex III, has given prior authorisation, on the basis set out in Article 4(2).

2. For the purposes of paragraph 1(c), ‘telecommunication or internet monitoring or interception services’ means those services that provide, in particular using equipment, technology or software as identified in Annex V, access to and delivery of a subject's incoming and outgoing telecommunications and call-associated data for the purpose of its extraction, decoding, recording, processing, analysis and storing or any other related activity.

Article 6

It shall be prohibited:

(a) to import crude oil or petroleum products into the Union if they:

(i) originate in Syria; or

(ii) have been exported from Syria;

(b) to purchase crude oil or petroleum products which are located in or which originated in Syria;

(c) to transport crude oil or petroleum products if they originate in Syria, or are being exported from Syria to any other country;

(d) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and re-insurance, related to the prohibitions set out in point (a);

(da) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and re-insurance, related to the prohibitions set out in points (b) and (c); and

(e) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities whose object or effect is, directly or indirectly, to circumvent the prohibitions set out in points (a), (b), (c), (d) or (da).

Article 6a

1. The prohibitions set out in points (b), (c) and (e) of Article 6 shall not apply to the purchase or transport in Syria of petroleum products or to the related provision of financing or financial assistance by public bodies or by legal persons, entities or bodies which receive public funding from the Union or Member States to provide humanitarian relief or assistance to the civilian population in Syria, provided that such products are purchased or transported for the sole purposes of providing humanitarian relief in Syria or assistance to the civilian population in Syria.

2. By way of derogation from points (b), (c) and (e) of Article 6, in cases not covered by paragraph 1 of this Article, the competent authority of a Member State, as identified on the website listed in Annex III, may authorise the purchase and transport in Syria of petroleum products or the provision of related financing or financial assistance, under the general and specific terms and conditions it deems appropriate provided that such purchase and transport:

(a) are for the sole purpose of providing humanitarian relief in Syria or assistance to the civilian population in Syria; and

(b) do not breach any of the prohibitions laid down in this Regulation.

The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this paragraph within two weeks of any authorisation granted. The notification shall contain details about the authorised legal person, entity or body and about its humanitarian activities in Syria.

3. Nothing in this Article shall affect compliance with Council Regulation (EC) No 2580/2001 , with Council Regulation (EC) No 881/2002 ( ⁹ ) or with Council Regulation (EU) 2016/1686.

Article 6b

The prohibitions set out in points (b), (c) and (e) of Article 6 shall not apply to the purchase or transport in Syria of petroleum products or the related provision of financing or financial assistance by a diplomatic or consular mission, where such products are purchased or transported for official purposes of the mission.

Article 7

The prohibitions in Article 6 shall not apply to:

(a) the execution, on or prior to 15 November 2011, of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 2 September 2011, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the obligation concerned has notified, at least seven working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which it is established, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III; or

(b) the purchase of crude oil or petroleum products which had been exported from Syria prior to 2 September 2011, or, where the export was made pursuant to point (a), on or prior to 15 November 2011.

Article 7a

1. It shall be prohibited to:

(a) sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, jet fuel and fuel additives as identified in Annex Va to any person, entity or body in Syria, or for use in Syria;

(b) provide financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and reinsurance related to the sale, supply, transfer or export of jet fuel and fuel additives as identified in Annex Va to any person, entity or body in Syria, or for use in Syria;

(c) provide brokering services with regard to the sale, supply, transfer or export of jet fuel and fuel additives as identified in Annex Va to any person, entity or body in Syria, or for use in Syria.

2. Annex Va shall include jet fuel and fuel additives.

3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the competent authorities in the Member States as identified on the websites listed in Annex III may authorise the sale, supply, transfer or export of jet fuel and fuel additives and the provision of financing and financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and reinsurance and brokering services related to the sale, supply, transfer or export of jet fuel and fuel additives as identified in Annex Vb to any person, entity or body in Syria, or for use in Syria under such conditions as they deem appropriate, having determined that the jet fuel and fuel additives are required by the United Nations, or bodies acting on its behalf, for humanitarian purposes such as delivering or facilitating the delivery of assistance, including medical supplies, food or the transfer of humanitarian workers and related assistance, or for evacuations from Syria or within Syria.

4. The Member States concerned shall within four weeks inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisations granted under this Article.

5. The prohibition laid down in paragraph 1 shall not apply to:

(a) jet fuel and fuel additives as listed in Annex Vb exclusively used by non-Syrian civilian aircraft landing in Syria, provided that they are intended and used solely for the continuation of the flight operation of the aircraft into which they were loaded;

(b) jet fuel and fuel additives as listed in Annex Vb exclusively used by a designated Syrian air carrier as listed in Annexes II and IIa carrying out evacuations from Syria in accordance with Article 16(h);

(c) jet fuel and fuel additives as listed in Annex Vb exclusively used by a non-designated Syrian air carrier carrying out evacuations from or within Syria.

Article 8

1. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export the equipment or technology listed in Annex VI, directly or indirectly, to any Syrian person, entity or body, or for use in Syria.

2. Annex VI shall include key equipment and technology for the following sectors of the oil and gas industry in Syria:

(a) exploration of crude oil and natural gas;

(b) production of crude oil and natural gas;

(d) liquefaction of natural gas.

3. Annex VI shall not include items included in the Common Military List.

Article 9

It shall be prohibited:

(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to the equipment and technology listed in Annex VI, or related to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of goods listed in Annex VI, to any Syrian person, entity or body, or for use in Syria;

(b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the equipment and technology listed in Annex VI, to any Syrian person, entity or body; or for use in Syria, and

(c) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in any activity the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a) or (b).

Article 9a

1. By way of derogation from Articles 8 and 9, the competent authorities of the Member States as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such terms and conditions as they deem appropriate, the sale, supply, transfer or export of the key equipment or technology as listed in Annex VI, or the provision of related technical assistance or brokering services, or financing or financial assistance, provided that the following conditions are met:

(a) on the basis of the information available to it, including information provided by the person, entity or body requesting the authorisation, the competent authority has determined that it is reasonable to conclude that:

(i) the activities concerned are for the purpose of providing assistance to the Syrian civilian population, in particular in view of meeting humanitarian concerns, assisting in the provision of basic services, reconstruction or restoring economic activity, or other civilian purposes;

(ii) the activities concerned do not entail funds or economic resources being made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of a person, entity or body referred to in Article 14;

(iii) the activities concerned do not breach any of the prohibitions laid down in this Regulation;

(b) the Member State concerned has consulted in advance the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces as regards, inter alia :

(i) the competent authority's determination under points (a) (i) and (ii);

(ii) the availability of information indicating that the activities concerned might entail funds or economic resources being made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of a person, entity or body referred to in Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 2580/2001 or Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 881/2002;

and the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces has given its views to the relevant Member State.

(c) In the absence of the receipt of views from the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces within 30 days after the request was made to them, the competent authority may proceed with its decision on whether or not to issue the authorisation.

2. When applying the conditions under points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1, the competent authority shall require adequate information as regards the use of the authorisation granted, including information concerning the end-user and the final destination of the delivery.

3. The Member State concerned shall inform, within two weeks, the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article.

Article 10

1. The prohibitions in Articles 8 and 9 shall not apply to the performance of an obligation required by a contract which was awarded or concluded prior to 19 January 2012, provided that the person or entity seeking to rely on this Article has notified, at least 21 calendar days in advance, the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III.

2. For the purposes of this Article, a contract shall have been ‘awarded’ to a person or entity if express written confirmation of the award of the contract to that person or entity has been sent by the other contracting party, following the conclusion of a formal tender process.

Article 11

It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, new Syrian denominated banknotes and coinage, printed or minted in the Union, to the Central Bank of Syria.

Article 11a

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, gold, precious metals and diamonds, as listed in Annex VIII, whether or not originating in the Union, to the Government of Syria, its public bodies, corporations and agencies, the Central Bank of Syria, any person, entity or body acting on their behalf or at their direction, or any entity or body owned or controlled by them;

(b) to purchase, import or transport, directly or indirectly, gold, precious metals and diamonds, as listed in Annex VIII, whether the item concerned originates in Syria or not, from the Government of Syria, its public bodies, corporations and agencies, the Central Bank of Syria and any person, entity or body acting on their behalf or at their direction, or any entity or body owned or controlled by them; and

(c) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services, financing or financial assistance, related to the goods referred to in points (a) and (b), to the Government of Syria, its public bodies, corporations and agencies, the Central Bank of Syria and any person, entity or body acting on their behalf or at their direction, or any entity or body owned or controlled by them.

2. Annex VIII shall include gold, precious metals and diamonds subject to the prohibitions referred to in paragraph 1.

Article 11b

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, luxury goods as listed in Annex X, to Syria;

(b) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities whose object or effect is, directly or indirectly, to circumvent the prohibition referred to in point (a).

2. By way of derogation from point (a) of paragraph 1, the prohibition referred to therein shall not apply to goods of a non-commercial nature, for personal use, contained in travellers’ luggage.

Article 11c

1. It shall be prohibited to import, export, transfer, or provide brokering services related to the import, export or transfer of, Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions.

2. The prohibition in paragraph 1 shall not apply if it is demonstrated that:

(a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 15 March 2011; or

(b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Chapter III - Restrictions on participation in infrastructure projects

Article 12

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export equipment or technology as listed in Annex VII to be used in the construction or installation in Syria of new power plants for electricity production;

(b) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance, financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance or reinsurance in relation to any project referred to in point (a).

2. This prohibition shall not apply to the performance of an obligation required by a contract or agreement which was concluded prior to 19 January 2012, provided that the person or entity seeking to rely on this Article has notified, at least 21 calendar days in advance, the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III.

Chapter IV - Restrictions on financing certain enterprises

Article 13

1. The following shall be prohibited:

(a) the granting of any financial loan or credit to any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in paragraph 2;

(b) the acquisition or extension of a participation in any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in paragraph 2;

(d) the participation, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a), (b) or (c).

2. The prohibitions in paragraph 1 shall apply to any Syrian person, entity or body engaged in:

(a) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil; or

(b) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production.

3. For the purposes of paragraph 2 only, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) ‘exploration of crude oil’ includes the exploration for, prospecting for and management of crude oil reserves, as well as the provision of geological services in relation to such reserves;

(b) ‘refining of crude oil’ means the processing, conditioning or preparation of oil for the ultimately final sale of fuels.

4. The prohibitions in paragraph 1:

(a) shall be without prejudice to the execution of an obligation arising from contracts or agreements relating to:

(i) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil, concluded before 23 September 2011;

(ii) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production concluded prior to 19 January 2012;

(b) shall not prevent the extension of a participation relating to:

(i) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil, if such extension is an obligation under an agreement concluded before 23 September 2011;

(ii) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production if such extension is an obligation under an agreement concluded prior to 19 January 2012.

Article 13a

1. By way of derogation from Article 13(1), the competent authorities of the Member States as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such terms and conditions as they deem appropriate, the granting of any financial loan or credit to or the acquisition or extension of a participation in, or the creation of any joint venture with any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in point (a) of Article 13(2), provided that the following conditions are met:

(ii) the activities concerned do not entail funds or economic resources being made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of a person, entity or body referred to in Article 14;

(iii) the activities concerned do not breach any of the prohibitions laid down in this Regulation;

(b) the Member State concerned has consulted in advance the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces as regards, inter alia :

(i) the competent authority's determination under points (a) (i) and (ii);

and the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces has given its views to the relevant Member State.

2. When applying the conditions under points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1, the competent authority shall require adequate information as regards the use of the authorisation granted, including information concerning the purpose of, and the counterparts to the transaction.

3. The Member State concerned shall inform, within two weeks, the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article.

Chapter V - Freezing of funds and economic resources

Article 14

1. All funds and economic resources belonging to, owned, held or controlled by the natural or legal persons, entities and bodies listed in Annex II and IIa shall be frozen.

2. No funds or economic resources shall be made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of the natural or legal persons, entities or bodies listed in Annex II and IIa.

3. The participation, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is, directly or indirectly, to circumvent the measures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be prohibited.

Article 15

1. Annexes II and IIa shall consist of the following:

(a) Annex II shall consist of a list of natural or legal persons, entities and bodies who, in accordance with Article 19(1) of Decision 2011/782/CFSP, have been identified by the Council as being persons or entities responsible for the violent repression against the civilian population in Syria, persons and entities benefiting from or supporting the regime, and natural or legal persons and entities associated with them, and to whom Article 21 of this Regulation shall not apply;

(b) Annex IIa shall consist of a list of entities which, in accordance with Article 19(1) of Decision 2011/782/CFSP, have been identified by the Council as being entities associated with the persons or entities responsible for the violent repression against the civilian population in Syria, or with persons and entities benefiting from or supporting the regime, and to which Article 21 of this Regulation shall apply.

1a. The list in Annex II shall also consist of natural or legal persons, entities and bodies who, in accordance with Article 28(2) of Council Decision 2013/255/CFSP, have been identified by the Council as falling within one of the following categories:

(a) leading businesspersons operating in Syria;

(b) members of the Assad or Makhlouf families;

(d) members of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of ‘colonel’ or the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011;

(e) members of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011;

(f) members of the regime-affiliated militias;

(g) persons, entities, units, agencies, bodies or institutions operating in the chemical weapons proliferation sector.

and natural or legal persons and entities associated with them, and to whom Article 21 of this Regulation does not apply.

1b. Persons, entities and bodies within one of the categories referred to in paragraph 1a shall not be included or retained on the list of persons, entities and bodies in Annex II if there is sufficient information that they are not, or are no longer, associated with the regime or do not exercise influence over it or do not pose a real risk of circumvention.

2. Annexes II and IIa shall include the grounds for the listing of listed persons, entities and bodies concerned.

3. Annexes II and IIa shall also include, where available, information necessary to identify the natural or legal persons, entities and bodies concerned. With regard to natural persons, such information may include names including aliases, date and place of birth, nationality, passport and ID card numbers, gender, address, if known, and function or profession. With regard to legal persons, entities and bodies, such information may include names, place and date of registration, registration number and place of business.

Article 16

By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities in the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, or the making available of certain funds or economic resources, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that the funds or economic resources are:

(a) necessary to satisfy the basic needs of natural or legal persons, entities or bodies listed in Annexes II and IIa, and dependent family members of such natural persons, including payments for foodstuffs, rent or mortgage, medicines and medical treatment, taxes, insurance premiums, and public utility charges;

(b) intended exclusively for payment of reasonable professional fees and reimbursement of incurred expenses associated with the provision of legal services;

(c) intended exclusively for payment of fees or service charges for routine holding or maintenance of frozen funds or economic resources;

(d) necessary for extraordinary expenses, provided that the relevant competent authority has notified the grounds on which it considers that a specific authorisation should be granted to the competent authorities of the other Member States and to the Commission at least two weeks before the authorisation;

(e) in cases not covered by Article 16b, to be paid into or from an account of a diplomatic or consular mission or an international organisation enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, insofar as such payments are intended to be used for official purposes of the diplomatic or consular mission or international organisation;

(g) necessary to ensure human safety or environmental protection;

(h) necessary for evacuations from Syria;

(i) intended exclusively for payments by Syrian State-owned entities or the Central Bank of Syria, as listed in Annexes II and IIa, on behalf of the Syrian Arab Republic to the OPCW for activities related to the OPCW verification mission and the destruction of Syrian chemical weapons, including in particular payments to the OPCW Special Trust Fund for activities related to the complete destruction of Syrian chemical weapons outside the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic.

The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article within four weeks following the authorisation.

Article 16a

1. The prohibitions set out in Article 14(1) and (2) shall not apply until 1 June 2025 to the making available of funds or economic resources necessary to ensure the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance or to support other activities that support basic human needs where such assistance and other activities are carried out by:

(a)the United Nations, including its programmes, funds and other entities and bodies, as well as its specialised agencies and related organisations;

(b)international organisations;

(c)humanitarian organisations having observer status with the United Nations General Assembly and members of those humanitarian organisations;

(d)bilaterally or multilaterally funded non-governmental organisations participating in United Nations Humanitarian Response Plans, United Nations Refugee Response Plans, other United Nations appeals or humanitarian clusters coordinated by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs;

(e)organisations and agencies to which the Union has granted the Humanitarian Partnership Certificate or which are certified or recognised by a Member State in accordance with national procedures;

(f)Member States’ specialised agencies; or

(g)the employees, grantees, subsidiaries or implementing partners of the entities referred to in points (a) to (f) while and to the extent that they are acting in those capacities.

2. The prohibition set out in Article 14(2) shall not apply to funds or economic resources made available by public bodies or by legal persons, entities or bodies which receive public funding from the Union or Member States to provide humanitarian relief in Syria or assistance to the civilian population in Syria where the provision of such funds or economic resources is for the purchase or transport of petroleum products, or associated financing or financial assistance, for the sole purposes of providing humanitarian relief in Syria or to provide assistance to the civilian population in Syria in accordance with Article 6a(1).

3. In cases not covered by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, and by way of derogation from Article 14(1) and (2), the competent authorities of the Member States may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, or the making available of certain funds or economic resources, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that the provision of such funds or economic resources is necessary to ensure the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance or to support other activities that support basic human needs.

4. In the absence of a negative decision, a request for information or a notification for additional time from the relevant competent authority within five working days of the date of receipt of a request for authorisation under paragraph 2, that authorisation shall be considered to be granted.

5. The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisations granted under paragraph 3 and 4 within 4 weeks of such authorisation.

Article 16b

The prohibition set out in Article 14(2) shall not apply to funds or economic resources made available from the account of a diplomatic or consular mission where the provision of such funds or economic resources is for official purposes of the mission in accordance with Article 6b.

Article 17

By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities in the Member States as identified on the websites listed in Annex III may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, or the making available of certain funds or economic resources, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that the provision of such funds or economic resources are necessary for the essential energy needs of the civilian population in Syria, provided that the relevant competent authority has notified for each delivery contract the grounds on which it considers that a specific authorisation should be granted to the competent authorities of the other Member States and to the Commission at least four weeks before the authorisation.

Article 18

1. By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities in Member States, as indicated on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, if the following conditions are met:

(a) the funds or economic resources are the subject of an arbitral decision rendered prior to the date on which the natural or legal person, entity or body referred to in Article 14 was listed in Annex II or IIa, or of a judicial or administrative decision rendered in the Union, or a judicial decision enforceable in the Member State concerned, prior to or after that date;

(b) the funds or economic resources will be used exclusively to satisfy claims secured by such a decision or recognised as valid in such a decision, within the limits set by applicable laws and regulations governing the rights of persons having such claims;

(d) recognising the decision is not contrary to public policy in the Member State concerned.

2. The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article.

Article 19

1. Article 14(2) shall not apply to the addition to frozen accounts of:

(a) interest or other earnings on those accounts,

(b) payments due under contracts, agreements or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date on which the account became subject to this Regulation; or

(c) payments due under judicial, administrative or arbitral decisions rendered in a Member State or enforceable in the Member State concerned,

provided that any such interest, other earnings and payments are frozen in accordance with Article 14(1).

2. Article 14(2) shall not prevent financial or credit institutions in the Union from crediting frozen accounts where they receive funds transferred to the account of a listed natural or legal person, entity or body, provided that any additions to such accounts will also be frozen. The financial or credit institution shall inform the relevant competent authority about any such transaction without delay.

Article 20

By way of derogation from Article 14 and provided that a payment by a person, entity or body listed in Annex II or IIa is due under a contract or agreement that was concluded by, or an obligation that arose for the person, entity or body concerned before, the date on which that person, entity or body had been designated, the competent authorities of the Member States, as indicated on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, provided that the payment is not directly or indirectly received by a person or entity referred to in Article 14.

Article 20a

By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, the transfer by or through a financial entity listed in Annex II or IIa of funds or economic resources, where the transfer is related to a payment by a person or entity not listed in Annex II or IIa in connection with the provision of financial support to Syrian nationals pursuing an education, professional training or engaged in academic research in the Union, provided that the competent authority of the relevant Member State has determined, on a case-by-case basis, that the payment will not directly or indirectly be received by a person or entity listed in Annex II or IIa.

Article 21

By way of derogation from Article 14(1), an entity listed in Annex IIa may, for a period of two months from the date on which it was designated, make a payment from frozen funds or economic resources which were received by that entity after the date on which it was designated, provided that:

(a) such payment is due under a trade contract; and

(b) the competent authority of the relevant Member State has determined that the payment will not directly or indirectly be received by a person or entity listed in Annex II or Annex IIa.

Article 21a

1. By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such conditions as they deem appropriate:

(a) a transfer by or through the Central Bank of Syria of funds or economic resources received and frozen after the date of its designation where the transfer is related to a payment due in connection with a specific trade contract; or

(b) a transfer of funds or economic resources to or through the Central Bank of Syria where the transfer is related to a payment due in connection with a specific trade contract;

provided that the competent authority of the relevant Member State has determined, on a case-by-case basis, that the payment will not directly or indirectly be received by any person or entity listed in Annex II or IIa and provided that the transfer is not otherwise prohibited by this Regulation.

2. By way of derogation from Article 14, the competent authorities of the Member States, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, a transfer made by or through the Central Bank of Syria of frozen funds or economic resources in order to provide financial institutions within the jurisdiction of the Member States with liquidity for the financing of trade.

Article 21b

Article 14(2) shall not prevent acts or transactions carried out with respect to Syrian Arab Airlines for the sole purpose of evacuating citizens of the Union and their family members from Syria.

Article 21c

(a) a transfer by or through the Commercial Bank of Syria of funds or economic resources received from outside of the territory of the Union and frozen after the date of its designation where the transfer is related to a payment due in connection with a specific trade contract for medical supplies, food, shelter, sanitation or hygiene for civilian use; or

(b) a transfer of funds or economic resources from outside of the territory of the Union to or through the Commercial Bank of Syria where the transfer is related to a payment due in connection with a specific trade contract for the purpose of meeting essential civilian needs, including medical supplies, food, shelter, sanitation or hygiene for civilian use;

2. The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission, within four weeks, of any authorisation granted under this Article.

Article 22

The freezing of funds and economic resources or the refusal to make funds or economic resources available, carried out in good faith on the basis that such action is in accordance with this Regulation, shall not give rise to liability of any kind on the part of the natural or legal person or entity or body implementing it, or its directors or employees, unless it is proved that the funds and economic resources were frozen or withheld as a result of negligence.

Chapter VI - Restrictions on financial services

Article 23

The European Investment Bank (EIB) shall:

(a) be prohibited from making any disbursement or payment under or in connection with any existing loan agreements entered into between the State of Syria or any public authority thereof and the EIB; and

(b) suspend all existing Technical Assistance Service Contracts relating to projects financed under the loan agreements referred to in point (a), and which are intended for the direct or indirect benefit of the State of Syria or any public authority thereof to be performed in Syria.

Article 24

It shall be prohibited:

(a) to sell or purchase Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds issued after 19 January 2012, directly or indirectly, to or from any of the following:

(i) the State of Syria or its Government, and its public bodies, corporations and agencies;

(ii) any Syrian credit or financial institution;

(iii) a natural person or a legal person, entity or body acting on behalf or at the direction of a legal person, entity or body referred to in (i) or (ii);

(iv) a legal person, entity or body owned or controlled by a person, entity or body referred to in (i), (ii) or (iii);

(b) to provide brokering services with regard to Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds issued after 19 January 2012, to a person, entity or body referred to in point (a);

(c) to assist a person, entity or body referred to in point (a) in order to issue Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds, by providing brokering services, advertising or any other service with regard to such bonds.

Article 25

1. It shall be prohibited for credit and financial institutions falling within the scope of Article 35 to:

(a) open a new bank account with any Syrian credit or financial institution;

(b) to establish a new correspondent banking relationship with any Syrian credit or financial institution;

(d) to establish a new joint venture with any Syrian credit or financial institution.

2. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to authorise the opening of a representative office or the establishment of a branch or subsidiary in the Union of any Syrian credit or financial institution;

(b) to conclude agreements for, or on behalf of, any Syrian credit or financial institution, pertaining to the opening of a representative office or the establishment of a branch or subsidiary in the Union;

(c) to grant an authorisation for taking up and pursuing the business of a credit or financial institution or for any other business requiring prior authorisation, by a representative office, branch or subsidiary of any Syrian credit or financial institution, if the representative office, branch or subsidiary was not operational before 19 January 2012;

(d) to acquire or to extend a participation, or to acquire any other ownership interest in a credit or financial institution falling within the scope of Article 35 by any Syrian credit or financial institution.

Article 25a

1. By way of derogation from points (a) and (c) of Article 25(1), the competent authorities of the Member States as identified on the websites listed in Annex III, may authorise, under such terms and conditions as they deem appropriate, the opening of a new bank account or a new representative office, or the establishment of a new branch or subsidiary, provided that the following conditions are met:

(ii) the activities concerned do not entail funds or economic resources being made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of a person, entity or body referred to in Article 14;

(iii) the activities concerned do not breach any of the prohibitions laid down in this Regulation;

(b) the Member State concerned has consulted in advance the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces as regards, inter alia :

(i) the competent authority's determination under points (a) (i) and (ii);

and the person, entity or body designated by the Syrian National Coalition for Opposition and Revolutionary Forces has given its views to the relevant Member State.

2. When applying the conditions under points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1, the competent authority shall require adequate information as regards the use of the authorisation granted, including information concerning the purpose of, and the counterparts to the activities concerned.

3. The Member State concerned shall inform, within two weeks, the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this Article.

Article 26

1. It shall be prohibited:

(a) to provide insurance or re-insurance to:

(i) the State of Syria, its Government, its public bodies, corporations or agencies; or

(ii) any natural or legal person, entity or body when acting on behalf or at the direction of a legal person, entity or body referred to in (i);

(b) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities, the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions in point (a).

2. Paragraph 1(a) shall not apply to the provision of compulsory or third party insurance to Syrian persons, entities or bodies based in the Union or to the provision of insurance for Syrian diplomatic or consular missions in the Union.

3. Point (ii) of paragraph 1(a) shall not apply to the provision of insurance, including health and travel insurance, to individuals acting in their private capacity, and re-insurance relating thereto.

Point (ii) of paragraph 1(a) shall not prevent the provision of insurance or re-insurance to the owner of a vessel, aircraft or vehicle chartered by a person, entity or body referred to in point (i) of paragraph 1(a) and which is not listed in Annex II or IIa.

For the purpose of point (ii) of paragraph 1(a), a person, entity or body shall not be considered to act at the direction of a person, entity or body referred to in point (i) of paragraph 1(a) where that direction is for the purposes of docking, loading, unloading or safe transit of a vessel or aircraft temporarily in Syrian waters or airspace.

4. This Article prohibits the extension or renewal of insurance and re-insurance agreements concluded before 19 January 2012 (save where there is a prior contractual obligation on the part of the insurer or re-insurer to accept an extension or renewal of a policy), but, without prejudice to Article 14(2), it does not prohibit compliance with agreements concluded before that date.

Chapter VIa - Restrictions on transport

Article 26a

1. It shall be prohibited, consistent with international law, to accept, or provide access to airports in the Union by, exclusively cargo flights operated by Syrian carriers and all flights operated by Syrian Arab Airlines, except where:

(a) the aircraft is engaged in non-scheduled international air services and landing is for non-traffic or non-commercial traffic purposes; or

(b) the aircraft is engaged in scheduled international air services and landing is for non- traffic purposes;

as provided for under the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation or the International Air Services Transit Agreement.

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to flights for the sole purpose of evacuating citizens of the Union and their family members from Syria.

3. It shall be prohibited to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibition referred to in paragraph 1.

Chapter VII - General and final provisions

Article 27

1. No claims in connection with any contract or transaction the performance of which has been affected, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, by the measures imposed under this Regulation, including claims for indemnity or any other claim of that type, such as a claim for compensation or a claim under a guarantee, in particular a claim for extension or payment of a bond, guarantee or indemnity, particularly a financial guarantee or financial indemnity, of whatever form, shall be satisfied, if they are made by:

(a) designated persons, entities or bodies listed in Annex II or IIa;

(b) any other Syrian person, entity or body, including the Syrian government;

(c) any person, entity or body acting through or on behalf of one of the persons, entities or bodies referred to in points (a) or (b).

2. In any proceedings for the enforcement of a claim, the onus of proving that satisfying the claim is not prohibited under paragraph 1 shall be on the person seeking the enforcement of that claim.

3. This Article is without prejudice to the right of the persons, entities and bodies referred to in paragraph 1 to judicial review of the legality of the non-performance of contractual obligations in accordance with this Regulation.

Article 27a

It shall be prohibited to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the provisions of Articles 2a, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7a, 8, 9, 11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 12, 13, 14, 24, 25, 26 and 26a.

Article 28

The prohibitions set out in this Regulation shall not give rise to any liability of any kind on the part of the natural or legal person, entity or body concerned if they did not know, and had no reasonable cause to suspect, that their actions would infringe the prohibition in question.

Article 29

1. Without prejudice to the applicable rules concerning reporting, confidentiality and professional secrecy, natural and legal persons, entities and bodies shall:

(a) supply immediately any information which would facilitate compliance with this Regulation, such as accounts and amounts frozen in accordance with Article 14, to the competent authority in the Member State where they are resident or located, as indicated on the websites listed in Annex III, and shall transmit such information, either directly or through the Member States, to the Commission; and

(b) cooperate with that competent authority in any verification of this information.

2. Any information provided or received in accordance with this Article shall be used only for the purposes for which it was provided or received.

Article 30

Member States and the Commission shall immediately inform each other of the measures taken under this Regulation and shall supply each other with any other relevant information at their disposal in connection with this Regulation, in particular information in respect of violation and enforcement problems and judgments handed down by national courts.

Article 31

The Commission shall be empowered to amend Annex III on the basis of information supplied by Member States.

Article 32

1. Where the Council decides to subject a natural or legal person, entity or body to the measures referred to in Article 14, it shall amend Annex II or Annex IIa accordingly.

2. The Council shall communicate its decision on the listing referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, including the grounds therefor, to the person, entity or body concerned, either directly, if the address is known, or through the publication of a notice, providing such person, entity or body with an opportunity to present its observations. In particular, where a person, entity or body is listed in Annex II on the basis that they fall within one of the categories of persons, entities or bodies set out in Article 15(1a), the person, entity or body may present evidence and observations as to why, although they fall within such a category, they consider that their designation is not justified.

3. Where observations are submitted, or where substantial new evidence is presented, the Council shall review its decision and inform the natural or legal person, entity or body accordingly.

4. The lists in Annexes II and IIa shall be reviewed at regular intervals and at least every 12 months.

Article 33

1. Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the provisions of this Regulation and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.

2. Member States shall notify the Commission of those rules without delay after 19 January 2012 and shall notify it of any subsequent amendment.

Article 34

Where there is, in this Regulation, a requirement to notify, inform or otherwise communicate with the Commission, the address and other contact details to be used for such communication shall be those indicated in Annex III.

Article 35

This Regulation shall apply:

(a) within the territory of the Union, including its airspace;

(b) on board any aircraft or any vessel under the jurisdiction of a Member State;

(d) to any legal person, entity or body which is incorporated or constituted under the law of a Member State;

(e) to any legal person, entity or body in respect of any business done in whole or in part within the Union.

Article 36

Regulation (EU) No 442/2011 is repealed.

Article 37

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Annex Ia - List of equipment, goods and technology referred to in article 2a

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Annex II - List of natural and legal persons, entities or bodies referred to in articles 14,15(1)(A) and 15(1A)

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Annex IIa - List of entities or bodies referred to in articles 14 and 15(1)(b)

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Annex III - Websites for information on the competent authorities and address for notifications to the European Commission

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Annex VIII - List of gold, precious metals and diamonds referred to in Article 11a

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Annex IX - List of equipment, goods and technology referred to in article 2b

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Annex X - List of luxury goods referred to in article 11B

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Annex XI - List of categories of goods referred to in Article 11c

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Initial version

Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011

Official Journal of the European Union L 16 of 19 January 2012,p. 1

Amended by

Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 55/2012 of 23 January 2012 implementing Article 33(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 19 of 24 January 2012,p. 6
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2012 of 27 February 2012 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 54 of 28 February 2012,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 266/2012 of 23 March 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 87 of 24 March 2012,p. 45
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 410/2012 of 14 May 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 126 of 15 May 2012,p. 3
Council Regulation (EU) No 509/2012 of 15 June 2012 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 156 of 16 June 2012,p. 10
Council Implementing Regulation 2012/544/CFSP of 25 June 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 165 of 26 June 2012,p. 20
Council Regulation (EU) No 545/2012 of 25 June 2012 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 165 of 26 June 2012,p. 23
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 673/2012 of 23 July 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 196 of 24 July 2012 ,p. 8
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 742/2012 of 16 August 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 219 of 17 August 2012 ,p. 1
Council Regulation (EU) No 867/2012 of 24 September 2012 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 257of 25 September 2012 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 944/2012 of 15 October 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union l 282 of 16 October 2012 ,p9
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1117/2012 of 29 November 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 330 of 30 November 2012 ,p. 9
Council Regulation (EU) No 325/2013 of 10 April 2013 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union l 102 of 11 April 2013 ,p1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 363/2013 of 22 April 2013 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 111 of 23 April 2013 ,p. 1
Council Regulation (EU) No 517/2013 of 13 May 2013 adapting certain regulations and decisions in the fields of free movement of goods, freedom of movement for persons, company law, competition policy, agriculture, food safety, veterinary and phytosanitary policy, transport policy, energy, taxation, statistics, trans-European networks, judiciary and fundamental rights, justice, freedom and security, environment, customs union, external relations, foreign, security and defence policy and institutions, by reason of the accession of the Republic of Croatia	Official Journal of the European Union L 158 of 10 June 2013 ,p. 1
Council Regulation (EU) No 697/2013 of 22 July 2013 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 198 of 23 July 2013 ,p. 28
Council Regulation (EU) No 1332/2013 of 13 December 2013 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union l 335 of 14 December 2013 ,p3
Council Regulation (EU) No 124/2014 of 10 February 2014 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 40 of 11 February 2014 ,p. 8
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 578/2014 of 28 May 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 160 of 29 May 2014 ,p. 11
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 693/2014 of 23 June 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 183 of 24 June 2014 ,p. 15
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 793/2014 of 22 July 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 217 of 23 July 2014 ,p. 10
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1013/2014 of 26 September 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 283 of 24 September 2014 ,p. 9
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1105/2014 of 20 October 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union l 301 of 21 October 2014 ,p7
Council Regulation (EU) No 1323/2014 of 12 December 2014 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 358 of 13 December 2014 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/108 of 26 January 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 20 of 27 January 2015 ,p. 2
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/375 of 6 March 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 64 of 7 March 2015 ,p. 10
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/780 of 19 May 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 124 of 20 May 2015 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/827 of 28 May 2015 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 132 of 29 May 2015 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/828 of 28 May 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 132 of 29 May 2015 ,p. 3
Council Regulation (EU) 2015/961 of 22 June 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 157 of 23 June 2015 ,p. 20
Council Regulation (EU) 2015/1828 of 12 October 2015 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 266 of 13 October 2015 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2350 of 16 December 2015 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 331of 17 December 2015 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/840 of 27 May 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 141 of 28 May 2016 ,p. 30
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1735 of 29 September 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 264 of 30 September 2016 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1893 of 27 October 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 293 of 28 October 2016 ,p. 25
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1984 of 14 November 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 305 of 14 November 2016 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1996 of 15 November 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 308 of 16 November 2016 ,p. 3
Council Regulation (EU) 2016/2137 of 6 December 2016 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 332 of 7 December 2016 ,p. 3
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/480 of 20 March 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 75 of 21 March 2017 ,p. 12
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/907 of 29 May 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 139 of 30 May 2017 ,p. 15
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1241 of 10 July 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 178 of 11 July 2017 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1327 of 17 July 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 185 of 18 July 2017 ,p. 20
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1751 of 25 September 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 246 of 26 September 2017 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/282 of 26 February 2018 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 54 of 26 February 2018 ,p. 3
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/420 of 19 March 2018 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 75 of 19 March 2018 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/774 of 28 May 2018 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 131 of 29 May 2018 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/85 of 21 January 2019 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 18 of 21 January 2019 ,p. 4
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/350 of 4 March 2019 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 63 of 4 March 2019 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/798 of 17 May 2019 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 132 of 20 May 2019 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1163 of 5 July 2019 amending and setting out a single list for the Annexes containing contact details of Member States competent authorities and address for notifications to the European Commission to certain Regulations concerning restrictive measures	Official Journal of the European Union L 182 of 8 July 2019 ,p. 33
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/211 of 17 February 2020 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 43 of 17 February 2020 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/716 of 28 May 2020 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 168 of 29 May 2020 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1505 of 16 October 2020 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 342 of 16 October 2020 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1649 of 6 November 2020 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 370 of 6 November 2020 ,p. 7
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/29 of 15 January 2021 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 12 of 15 January 2021 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/743 of 6 May 2021 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 160 of 7 May 2021 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/848 of 27 May 2021 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 188 of 28 May 2021 ,p. 18
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1983 of 15 November 2021 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 402 of 15 November 2021 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/2194 of 13 December 2021 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union LI 445 of 13 December 2021 ,p. 7
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/237 of 21 February 2022 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 40 of 21 February 2022 ,p. 6
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/299 of 24 February 2022 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 46 of 25 February 2022 ,p. 1
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/535 of 4 April 2022 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 106 of 5 April 2022 ,p. 1
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/595 of 11 April 2022 amending certain Regulations concerning restrictive measures and setting out a single list for the Annexes to those Regulations containing the contact details of Member States’ competent authorities and the address for notifications to the European Commission	Official Journal of the European Union L 114 of 12 April 2022 ,p. 60
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/840 of 30 May 2022 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 148 of 31 May 2022 ,p. 8
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1275 of 21 July 2022 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 194 of 21 July 2022 ,p. 8
Council Regulation (EU) 2023/407 of 23 February 2023 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 56I of 23 February 2023, p. 1
Council Regulation (EU) 2023/1462 of 17 July 2023 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 180 of 17 July 2023, p. 8
Council Regulation (EU) 2023/1498 of 20 July 2023 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 183I of 20 July 2023, p. 27
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/362 of 22 January 2024 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	OJ L, 2024/362, 22.01.2024
Council Regulation (EU) 2024/1497 of 27 May 2024 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	OJ L, 2024/1497, 28.5.2024
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1517 of 27 May 2024 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	OJ L, 2024/1517, 28.5.2024
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2519 of 23 September 2024 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	OJ L, 2024/2519, 24.9.2024

Corrected by

Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 673/2012 of 23 July 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 212 of 9 August 2012 ,p. 20
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 742/2012 of 16 August 2012 implementing Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 227 of 23 August 2012 ,p. 15
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 363/2013 of 22 April 2013 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 123 of 4 May 2013 ,p. 28
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 363/2013 of 22 April 2013 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 127 of 9 May 2013 ,p. 27
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1105/2014 of 20 October 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 305 of 24 October 2014 ,p. 115
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/907 of 29 May 2017 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 146 of 9 June 2017 ,p. 159
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/774 of 28 May 2018 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 167 of 4 July 2018 ,p. 36
Corrigendum to Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011	Official Journal of the European Union L 190 of 27 July 2018 ,p. 20
Corrigendum to Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/798 of 17 May 2019 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 234 of 11 September 2019 ,p. 31
Corrigendum to Council Regulation (EU) No 509/2012 of 15 June 2012 amending Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria	Official Journal of the European Union L 129 of 15 April 2021 ,p. 161

Table of contents

Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria

Syria - Council Regulation (EU) 36/2012 - Vers. 20 July 2023

Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria

Summary

Chapter I - Definitions

Article 1

Chapter II - Export and import restrictions

Article 2

Article 2a

Article 2b

Article 2c

Article 2d

Article 3

Article 3a

Article 3b

Article 4

Article 5

Article 6

Article 6a

Article 6b

Article 7

Article 7a

Article 8

Article 9

Article 9a

Article 10

Article 11

Article 11a

Article 11b

Article 11c

Chapter III - Restrictions on participation in infrastructure projects

Article 12

Chapter IV - Restrictions on financing certain enterprises

Article 13

Article 13a

Chapter V - Freezing of funds and economic resources

Article 14

Article 15

Article 16

Article 16a

Article 16b

Article 17

Article 18

Article 19

Article 20

Article 20a

Article 21

Article 21a

Article 21b

Article 21c

Article 22

Chapter VI - Restrictions on financial services

Article 23

Article 24

Article 25

Article 25a

Article 26

Chapter VIa - Restrictions on transport

Article 26a

Chapter VII - General and final provisions

Article 27

Article 27a

Article 28

Article 29

Article 30

Article 31

Article 32

Article 33

Article 34

Article 35

Article 36

Article 37

Annex Ia - List of equipment, goods and technology referred to in article 2a

Annex II - List of natural and legal persons, entities or bodies referred to in articles 14,15(1)(A) and 15(1A)

Annex IIa - List of entities or bodies referred to in articles 14 and 15(1)(b)

Annex III - Websites for information on the competent authorities and address for notifications to the European Commission

Annex IV - List of 'crude oil and petroleum products' referred to in article 6

Annex V - equipment, technology and software referred to in article 4

Annex Va -Jet fuel and fuel additives as referred to in article 7a(1)

A nnex Vb - Jet fuel and fuel additives as referred to in article 7a(3)

Annex VI - List of key equipment and technology referred to in article 8